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G-clef, treble-clef or chant clef
G-clef
Its form stems from the letter "G" which, in the ancient alphabetical notation system, indicated the note G.
It is exclusively located on the second line (you always start by counting the lowest line) since the initial point is situated on the second line, as you can see from the example. The corresponding sound G is equal to a fourth piano octave also called central octave G or G3.
G-clef example 1
The G-clef is adopted by all the instruments with a high extension (violin, and hence the name flute, piccolo, clarinet, oboe, trumpet, mandolin, guitar, etc.) as well as keyboard instruments, such as piano, clavichord, etc., which make use of the double pentagram system or the organ making use of the triple pentagram system. The G-clef is also used for vocal music for texts for voices of soprano, mezzo soprano, contralto and tenor by lowering sounds of an octave (See tremble-clef or C-clef or tenorized G-clef).
Here you find examples of a line with a simple pentagram:
G-clef example 2
Double pentagram:
G-clef example 3
And triple pentagram:
G-clef example 4
Some ancient writings for precisely indicating the clef position used to adopt the addition of two small dots above and below the second line. This occurred since, throughout the Seventeenth century, the tremble-clef could be situated on the third and especially on the first line (French tremble-clef) too.
Here is an instance of a tremble-clef with the indications of the two small dots:
G-clef example 5

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